Lesson 199 非制限用法のバリエーション
レッスンのポイント ここでは「,which」のたいへん便利な使い方を学びましょう。
Today’s dialog
ショーンがロキシーの家に遊びに来ています。
Shaun: Oh, wow, something smells really good!
Roxy: My dad is cooking dinner, which doesn’t happen very often.
Shaun: What is he making?
Roxy: He makes the same dish every time: seafood paella. But he’s really good at making it.
Shaun: Where did he learn how to make that?
Roxy: Well, he got a cookbook as a Christmas present and just followed the recipe.
Shaun: Oh, who gave him the cookbook?
Roxy: My mom did. She wants him to cook more, but so far he’s mastered only one recipe. Anyway, you’re welcome to stay for dinner. He always makes too much.
Shaun: Sounds great.
英訳練習
本日のテキストを英訳してみましょう。文章をクリックすると英文例が表示されます。
Oh, wow, something smells really good!
My dad is cooking dinner, which doesn’t happen very often.
What is he making?
He makes the same dish every time: seafood paella. But he’s really good at making it.
Where did he learn how to make that?
Well, he got a cookbook as a Christmas present and just followed the recipe.
Oh, who gave him the cookbook?
My mom did. She wants him to cook more, but so far he’s mastered only one recipe. Anyway, you’re welcome to stay for dinner. He always makes too much.
Sounds great.
WORDS & PHRASES
dish 料理
paella パエリア（スペインの炊き込みご飯）
cook book 料理の本
For Deeper Understanding ～より深い理解へ～
So far he’s mastered only one recipe.
so far は「今までのところ」。he’s(he has) mastered という現在完了形は「マスターして知っている」と現在の状況に焦点が当たっているから。
You’re welcome to stay for dinner.
be welcome to ～は「～していいですよ・歓迎ですよ」ということ。
REAL GRAMMAR FOR COMMUNICATION～会話に役立つ文法～
My dad is cooking dinner, which doesn’t happen very often.
「, which（コンマつきの which）」は非常に多用されます。この形は「人以外」の先行詞（名詞）だけではなく、文や先行表現を受けることもできるからです。この文で which が受けているのは前の文内容全体です。
my dad is cooking dinner （父が夕飯を作っている）を which でまずしっかりつかんでください。それを主語位置に放り込んで文を続ける―それがこの文を支配する感覚です。
「, which」の例をいくつか見てみましょう。大切なのは「つかむ」感覚だけ。
She was adventurous, which he was not.
この文で which は adventurous（形容詞）を受けています。それをつかんで he was not(adventurous)とつなげています。
We looked at two apartments, both of which were excellent.
The students gave an excuse for missing class, the truth of which was dubious.
dubious は「疑っている、不審に思っている」
GRAMMAR IN ACTION ～文法の実践～
しっかりつかんで「, which」で追加情報。
I did an hour’s workout this morning, which always makes me feel good.
I did an hour’s workout this morning を which でしっかりつかんで文を続けましょう。
The circus clowns were hilarious, which delighted the children.
The circus clowns were hilarious を which でしっかりつかんで、次の文の主語として意識してください。hilarious は「とても愉快な・面白い」。
We tasted several varieties of apples, most of which were very sweet.
several は「いくつかの」と訳されますが some のぼんやりとしたイメージとは対照的。クッキリとした具体的なものを思い浮かべながら「い・く・つ・かの」と言っています。variety は「バラエティー・種類」。several varieties of apples をしっかりつかんで most of which（そのほとんど）と展開してください。
CHECK THE POINT ～練習問題～
I had to play piano in front of the whole school, which made me nervous.